Access Data from Blockchain Analytics Firms/Data Providers:

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Data Access: Once you have a full node, you can use Bitcoin Core's RPC (Remote Procedure Call) interface or other tools built on top of it to query addresses, transactions, and balances. You can technically derive every address that has ever interacted on the chain.
Pros: Complete, verifiable, and independent data.
Cons: Requires significant storage, bandwidth, and technical knowledge to set up and manage.
Use Blockchain Explorers' APIs:

Method: Many popular blockchain explorers Blockchair, Mempool.space, BlockCypher) offer APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) that allow developers to programmatically query their databases for address information, transaction history, and balances.
Data Access: You can send requests to their servers and receive structured mexc database data (e.g., JSON) in response.
Pros: Easier to use than running a full node, faster for specific queries, doesn't require storing the entire blockchain.
Cons: You are relying on a third-party service, API rate limits might apply, and some services might require payment for extensive usage. You won't get a "full download" of every address.